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Guide to Caring for Open Wounds at Home: Fast Healing, No Scarring

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Caring for open wounds at home properly will help the wound heal faster and leave fewer scars. However, not everyone has enough knowledge and skills for scientific wound care, leading to unfortunate infection risks or delayed healing, causing financial burdens and physical and mental pain for patients.

In this article, Urgo Medical will compile comprehensive useful information about how to care for open wounds to heal quickly for patients and their relatives. We hope the knowledge below will address the issues you are concerned about and researching.

1. What is an open wound?

According to Wikipedia: “A wound is a type of injury where the skin is torn, cut, or pierced (open wound) or affected by a force causing trauma (closed wound). In pathology, it is considered a severe injury causing damage to the epidermis layer of the skin.”
Thus, an open wound can be understood as an injury involving tearing of the outer skin or internal body tissue, commonly caused by traffic accidents, falls, or sharp objects…

Based on causes of injury, open wounds can be classified into 4 types:

– Laceration (caused by knives or sharp tools cutting through the skin).

– Puncture wound (caused by nails, needles, sharp knives… penetrating the skin).

– Abrasion wounds (when the skin rubs against hard or rough surfaces).

– Wounds with loss of body parts (due to work accidents, traffic accidents…)

Compared to closed wounds, open wounds have a very high risk of infection. Therefore, you need to know how to care for open wounds to prevent infection and promote fast healing while minimizing scarring.

If the open wound is small, not too deep, and mild, it can be cared for immediately at home. For severe injuries such as deeper than 1 cm, bleeding lasting more than 20 minutes, heavy bleeding… patients need timely intervention by medical personnel.

This article focuses on the topic of home care for open wounds, intended for patients or their relatives.

2. Steps to treat open wounds at home

To prevent infection and promote fast healing of open wounds, remember these 3 steps in how to clean open wounds at home below:

Step 1: Wash your hands thoroughly and carefully before handling

To remove dirt and bacteria on your hands, wash them thoroughly with antibacterial soap and warm water. If clean water or soap is unavailable, use a wet wipe or wear medical gloves before handling. Do not touch the wound with dirty hands as it may transfer bacteria to the injured skin, increasing the risk of infection.

Step 2: Clean the open wound

Saline solution is the best solution for cleaning open wounds, helping remove dirt, foreign objects, and debris left by the injury. When cleaning, be gentle and careful not to tear off any detached skin. After cleaning, dry the wound before bandaging.

Step 3: Bandage the open wound

Use sterile gauze to bandage the open wound. If the gauze doesn’t stick, use an elastic bandage to secure the gauze. The bandage change frequency depends on the wound condition and the bandage product used or should be replaced if the bandage becomes dirty or wet.
To promote faster healing and reduce pain when changing bandages, you can explore Urgo Medical’s advanced bandage products applying proprietary TLC technology, which creates a moist environment, stimulates healing, and enables painless bandage changes.

For example, when caring for open wounds without or with minimal exudate, you can use UrgoTul mesh dressing.

3. Common mistakes in caring for open wounds

When caring for open wounds at home, people often make the following mistakes, leading to wound infection or delayed healing and unsightly scarring. These include:

3.1. Not cleaning the open wound immediately after injury

Whether the wound is large or small, cleaning it is necessary to remove dirt, foreign bodies, and bacteria attached to the wound. If not cleaned properly and immediately bandaged, the wound may get infected, worsen, ooze discharge, or even become severely ulcerated, prolonging healing and causing physical and mental suffering.

3.2. Applying leaves or natural materials on the wound

Many cases of open wound infections are caused by self-applying herbal leaves or natural materials believed to accelerate healing, but no clinical evidence or scientific research confirms such benefits.
Therefore, do not follow unprofessional advice or apply herbal leaves on wounds to avoid unnecessary infection risks. It is best to care for open wounds properly according to medical staff instructions or refer to section 2 of this article.

3.3. Not sprinkling antibiotic powder on the open wound

Sprinkling antibiotic powder on an open wound to help it close quickly and heal is a common belief in Vietnam. Many people apply this for burns, skin tears, abrasions, infections… thinking that topical antibiotics protect better against infection than oral antibiotics.
However, this care method is not recommended by doctors due to several risks:

– It can cause allergic reactions or anaphylactic shock because antibiotics irritate the skin and trigger local inflammatory responses. Antibiotic allergy is particularly dangerous and may cause fatal anaphylaxis.

– It does not prevent infection effectively because the powder dries within hours after application. Thus, damaged tissues do not absorb much antibiotic and the method has limited value for infection prevention. Many cases show necrotic tissue and pus underneath after removing the antibiotic powder, and infections may cause fever.

– It delays healing and skin regeneration because dried antibiotic powder forms a crust that blocks protective factors like antibodies, white blood cells, blood, and oral antibiotics, reducing the body’s ability to fight inflammation and infection.

Moreover, the antibiotic powder layer restricts granulation tissue growth and skin regeneration, slowing healing and potentially worsening inflammation. Therefore, sprinkling antibiotic powder on open wounds is not recommended when caring for open wounds.

3.4. Not cleaning open wounds with alcohol or hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide and alcohol can kill bacteria and prevent infections. However, hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidant that kills anaerobic bacteria, while alcohol hydrolyzes bacterial proteins and lipids. These solutions kill not only harmful bacteria but also platelets, white blood cells, and newly healing tissues. Therefore, the safest way to clean open wounds at home is to use saline solution.

4. Risks of improper open wound care

Proper care of open wounds is very important, because improper care exposes patients to risks as bacteria residing on the skin surface can penetrate the wound.
Among these, infection is the most dangerous risk with symptoms such as increasing pain, fever, swollen lymph nodes, ulcers or blisters, discharge (clear, green, yellow) or pus with foul odor, redness and swelling around the wound…

Below are some dangerous infections commonly found in improperly cared-for open wounds:

– Tetanus caused by Clostridium tetani (C. tetani) bacteria.

– Staphylococcal infections caused by Staphylococcus bacteria group.

– Necrotizing fasciitis caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria…

5. When should you see a doctor for an open wound?

For small open wounds, you can care for and monitor them at home. If you notice infection signs as mentioned in section 4, seek medical attention as soon as possible.
For more severe open wounds, you must go immediately to the nearest medical facility to receive proper open wound care and timely treatment. The following are open wound cases that require visiting a medical center or hospital:

– Wounds that cannot stop bleeding or continuous bleeding without signs of stopping after a few minutes.

– Wounds caused by animal bites or human-inflicted injuries.

– Crushed wounds or large, severe open wounds at dangerous body sites such as chest, neck, head, or abdomen…

– Wounds with loss of body parts, for example, amputated limbs. In this case, while waiting for emergency treatment, keep the severed part in a clean, sealed plastic bag and keep it cool for reattachment by doctors.

– Open wounds cared for at home but cannot be cleaned by usual methods or have started to show signs of infection.

Though injuries are undesirable, they are hard to avoid in life. Therefore, skills in home care for open wounds are very important, determining whether healing is fast or slow and whether ugly scars are minimized. However, if you want fast healing and painless bandage changes, use Urgo Medical dressings to care for open wounds at home.

REFERENCES

1.https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BA%BFt_th%C6%B0%C6%A1ng

2.https://www.vinmec.com/vi/tin-tuc/thong-tin-suc-khoe/suc-khoe-tong-quat/vet-thuong-ho-phan-loai-cach-dieu-tri-va-cac-bien-chung/?link_type=related_posts#:~:text=V%E1%BA%BFt%20th%C6%B0%C6%A1ng%20h%E1%BB%9F%20l%C3%A0%20m%E1%BB%99t,%C4%91%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3c%20%C4%91i%E1%BB%81u%20tr%E1%BB%8B%20t%E1%BA%A1i%20nh%C3%A0.

3.https://pkgdvietuc.com/mot-so-luu-y-khi-tu-cham-soc-vet-thuong-ho-tai-nha/

4.https://bvnguyentriphuong.com.vn/dieu-duong/cham-soc-vet-thuong-ho-the-nao-cho-dung-cach 

5.https://medlatec.vn/tin-tuc/cach-xu-ly-va-cham-soc-vet-thuong-ho-duoc-khuyen-cao-s195-n20180

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